本文主要参考的资料是 "Short overview of ISO-IEC 10646 and Unicode" (http://www.nada.kth.se/i18n/ucs/unicode-iso10646-oview.html)。
我还找了两篇看上去不错的资料,不过因为我开始的疑问都找到了答案,所以就没有看:
"Understanding Unicode A general introduction to the Unicode Standard" (http://scripts.sil.org/cms/scripts/page.php?site_id=nrsi&item_id=IWS-Chapter04a) "Character set encoding basics Understanding character set encodings and legacy encodings" (http://scripts.sil.org/cms/scripts/page.php?site_id=nrsi&item_id=IWS-Chapter03)