历史上14架最著名望远镜被评出:哈勃上榜(8)
8、喇叭天线
![历史上14架最著名望远镜被评出:哈勃上榜 历史上14架最著名望远镜被评出:哈勃上榜](http://images2.china.com/tech/zh_cn/science/universe/1030/20090615/2009061509235674732400.jpg)
喇叭天线
喇叭天线位于美国新泽西州的贝尔电话实验研究所,曾用来探测和发现宇宙微波背景辐射。喇叭天线建造于1959年。当喇叭长度一定时,若使喇叭张角逐渐增大,则口面尺寸与二次方相位差也同时加大,但增益并不和口面尺寸同步增加,而有一个其增益为最大值的口面尺寸,具有这样尺寸的喇叭就叫作最佳喇叭。喇叭天线的辐射场可利用惠更斯原理由口面场来计算。口面场则由喇叭的口面尺寸与传播波型所决定。可用几何绕射理论计算喇叭壁对辐射的影响,从而使计算方向图与实测值在直到远旁瓣处都能较好地吻合。
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