5大功能最强望远镜:斯皮策穿透宇宙尘埃观测(3)
3、斯皮策太空望远镜

斯皮策太空望远镜
斯皮策太空望远镜发射于2003年,是人类送入太空的最大的红外望远镜,运行在一条位于地球公转轨道后方、环绕太阳的轨道上。该望远镜隶属于美国宇航局和加州理工学院。斯皮策太空望远镜是美国宇航局发射的四大太空望远镜之一。虽然斯皮策与哈勃都是太空望远镜,但是哈勃以光学观测为主,而斯皮策则以观测天体红外波段为主。所谓红外,说的是望远镜能够探测到目标发出的红外辐射。斯皮策的红外探测灵敏度极高,波长在3微米至180微米之间的红外辐射都能尽收“眼”底。而这个波段因其范围内的辐射抵达地面时会被地球大气层阻挡,一向是地面望远镜的“盲区”。因此斯皮策能探测到宇宙中那些难以感知到的天体,比如一些暗淡的小型恒星。 与光学天文观测设备相比,斯皮策的红外之“眼”能够穿透尘埃、气体,看到其背后隐藏的无限奥秘。
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